Pope Anastasius IV
?–1154 CE · Rome
Born Corrado at Rome, Anastasius IV was an aged cardinal who had long served the curia, including as vicar in Rome during Eugene III's absences. Elected in 1153, his short reign offered a reconciliation that had eluded his predecessors: he resolved a disputed appointment to the archbishopric of Magdeburg and reached an accommodation that eased tensions with Emperor Frederick Barbarossa, while relations with the still-restless Roman commune remained delicate. He was a patron of building works, restoring the Pantheon and his family residence. Dying after barely more than a year, he was buried in a porphyry sarcophagus once associated with Helena.
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RomeרומאItaly
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Rome in this era
Between the 8th and 15th centuries Rome was the seat of the popes and capital of the Papal States, which grew from the Frankish king Pepin's grant of 756; Charlemagne was crowned emperor in St Peter's in 800. The city shrank far below its ancient size, and from 1309 to 1377 the popes resided at Avignon before returning to Rome.
About Rome
Rome, on the Tiber in central Italy, grew from an Iron Age settlement into the capital of the Roman Republic and then of an empire that by the 1st century CE ruled the whole Mediterranean. Its Jewish community, attested from the 2nd century BCE, is among the oldest in Europe. Christian tradition holds that the apostles Peter and Paul died there, and the city became the seat of the popes. After the Western Empire ended in 476 it passed to Gothic kings, to Byzantium and then to papal rule as capital of the Papal States, until it became the capital of unified Italy in 1871. Vatican City, independent since 1929, lies within it.
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