De utilitate mathematicae
Smyrna
c. 70 CE–c. 135 CE · Smyrna
Theon of Smyrna (active early 2nd century CE) was a Greek mathematician and Platonist philosopher, author of a work explaining the mathematics (arithmetic, music, and astronomy) considered useful for understanding the writings of Plato. His treatise is an important source for ancient mathematical and astronomical ideas in the Platonic tradition. He is distinct from Theon of Alexandria, the later mathematician.
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Smyrna, modern İzmir on the Aegean coast of Turkey, was an ancient Greek city refounded in the fourth century BCE and, under Rome, a leading port of the province of Asia. It was a centre of rhetoric: the sophist Marcus Antonius Polemon taught there, the orator Aelius Aristides was closely associated with it, and it was one of several places claiming to be Homer's birthplace. Its church is one of the seven addressed in the Book of Revelation, and its second-century bishop Polycarp, to whom Ignatius of Antioch wrote and whom Irenaeus knew in his youth, was martyred there. The mathematician Theon of Smyrna and the epic poet Quintus Smyrnaeus take their names from the city.
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Smyrna