Justification
How does a guilty sinner stand righteous before God — declared so, or remade?
Justification is the act by which God sets a sinner right with himself, drawing especially on Paul's letters to the Romans and Galatians. Here lies a core Reformation dispute. The Reformers, following Luther, held it to be a forensic declaration — God pronounces the sinner righteous through faith. Catholics, at the Council of Trent, taught a transforming, righteousness-making grace. The 1999 Joint Declaration narrowed but did not erase this difference.
How it traveled
- JamesJerusalem · 62explains
- RomansCorinth · 67explains
- GalatiansEphesus · 67explains
- 1 CorinthiansEphesus · 67explains
- PhilippiansRome · 67explains
- LukeRome · 84applies
- ActsRome · 84explains
- Against Heresies: Book IVLyons · 202explains
- The Church History of EusebiusCaesarea · 339explains
- The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Paul's Epistle to the RomansConstantinople (Istanbul) · 407explains
- The Commentary and Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Galatians and EphesiansConstantinople (Istanbul) · 407explains
- A Commentary on the Acts of the ApostlesConstantinople (Istanbul) · 407explains
- Homilies on Second CorinthiansConstantinople (Istanbul) · 407explains
- Homilies on First CorinthiansConstantinople (Istanbul) · 407explains
- The Homilies of St. John ChrysostomConstantinople (Istanbul) · 407explains
- The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Timothy, Titus, and PhilemonConstantinople (Istanbul) · 407explains
- The Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on Philippians, Colossians, and ThessaloniansConstantinople (Istanbul) · 407explains
- Expositions on the Book of PsalmsHippo Regius · 430explains
- A Treatise on the Spirit and the LetterHippo Regius · 430explains
- A Treatise on the Merits and Forgiveness of Sins, and on the Baptism of InfantsHippo Regius · 430explains
- A Treatise Against Two Letters of the PelagiansHippo Regius · 430explains
- A Treatise on Nature and GraceHippo Regius · 430explains
- Lectures or Tractates on the Gospel According to St. JohnHippo Regius · 430explains
- City of GodHippo Regius · 430explains
- A Treatise on Grace and Free WillHippo Regius · 430explains
- A Treatise Concerning Man’s Perfection in RighteousnessHippo Regius · 430explains
- The EnchiridionHippo Regius · 430explains
- A Treatise on the Predestination of the SaintsHippo Regius · 430explains
- A Treatise on the Grace of Christ, and on Original SinHippo Regius · 430explains
- On the Holy TrinityHippo Regius · 430explains
Key passages(20)
Book Third. the Mode of Obtaining the Grace of Christ. the Benefits It Confers, and the Effects Resulting from It · John Calvin
Book Third. the Mode of Obtaining the Grace of Christ. the Benefits It Confers, and the Effects Resulting from It · John Calvin
Book Third. the Mode of Obtaining the Grace of Christ. the Benefits It Confers, and the Effects Resulting from It · John Calvin
Book Third. the Mode of Obtaining the Grace of Christ. the Benefits It Confers, and the Effects Resulting from It · John Calvin
Book Third. the Mode of Obtaining the Grace of Christ. the Benefits It Confers, and the Effects Resulting from It · John Calvin
Book Third. the Mode of Obtaining the Grace of Christ. the Benefits It Confers, and the Effects Resulting from It · John Calvin
Book Third. the Mode of Obtaining the Grace of Christ. the Benefits It Confers, and the Effects Resulting from It · John Calvin
Book Third. the Mode of Obtaining the Grace of Christ. the Benefits It Confers, and the Effects Resulting from It · John Calvin
Discussion: Third Part · Martin Luther
XIV Five discourses on the soul's eternal salvation · Jonathan Edwards
XIV Five discourses on the soul's eternal salvation · Jonathan Edwards
XIV Five discourses on the soul's eternal salvation · Jonathan Edwards
XIV Five discourses on the soul's eternal salvation · Jonathan Edwards
XIV Five discourses on the soul's eternal salvation · Jonathan Edwards
XIV Five discourses on the soul's eternal salvation · Jonathan Edwards
XIV Five discourses on the soul's eternal salvation · Jonathan Edwards
XIV Five discourses on the soul's eternal salvation · Jonathan Edwards
XIV Five discourses on the soul's eternal salvation · Jonathan Edwards
A Treatise on the Spirit and the Letter · Augustine of Hippo