Algiers

Algeria

Algiers (al-Jaza'ir), the capital of Algeria, is a Mediterranean port that began as a Phoenician trading post and was the Roman town of Icosium. Its Islamic-era city was founded in the 10th century by the Zirid ruler Buluggin ibn Ziri. From 1516 it was the capital of the Ottoman Regency of Algiers, then of French Algeria after the invasion of 1830, and it has been the capital of independent Algeria since 1962. After the anti-Jewish violence in Spain and the Balearic Islands in 1391, refugee rabbis including Isaac ben Sheshet and Simeon ben Zemah Duran settled there and led its Jewish community; most Algerian Jews left for France or Israel around 1962.

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