Fezפאס

Morocco

Fez (Fas), in north-central Morocco, was founded by Idris I in 789 and expanded by Idris II in 809. The Qarawiyyin mosque, founded in 857-859 by Fatima al-Fihri, grew into one of the Islamic world's great centres of learning. Under the Marinids (13th-15th centuries) Fez was again the capital and gained many madrasas. Scholars and Sufis such as Ibn Khaldun and al-Wansharisi worked there, and the Tijani order has been centred in the city since 1789. Fez also had one of Morocco's oldest and largest Jewish communities. The poet Dunash ben Labrat was born there, Maimonides lived there around 1159-1165, and Jews later lived in the Mellah beside the Marinid royal district.

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