Manchester

England

Manchester, a city in northwestern England, grew from the Roman fort of Mamucium into what is often called the world's first industrialised city, the cotton centre nicknamed Cottonopolis. It became a major centre of science: John Dalton formulated his atomic theory while teaching there in 1803, and Ernest Rutherford's work at the university in the 1910s established the atomic nucleus. Its Jewish community began with about fourteen families who settled in 1786, grew greatly with immigrants fleeing the Russian Empire in the late nineteenth century, and is now the second-largest in Britain after London, with many synagogues, yeshivot and communal institutions.

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