Sevilleסיביליה

Andalusia — pre-expulsion Castilian center

Seville, on the Guadalquivir River in southwestern Spain, is the capital of Andalusia. Known to the Romans as Hispalis, it was the see of Archbishop Isidore (c. 600-636), the encyclopedist of Visigothic Spain. After the Muslim conquest it was called Ishbiliya; it flourished as a centre of Andalusi learning and in the twelfth century became a seat of the Almohad state, whose minaret survives as the Giralda, and Ibn Rushd served as a judge there. Castile captured the city in 1248. Its large Jewish community was devastated by the 1391 massacres, which began in Seville under the agitation of Archdeacon Ferrand Martinez. From 1503 the Casa de Contratacion gave Seville a monopoly on trade with the Americas.

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