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Wellsprings
hindu-cosmosfeatured in 7 works

Vital Breath and the Five Winds (Prāṇa & the Vāyus)

The life-force itself, mapped as five inner winds — master the breath and you steady the mind.

Prāṇa is the life-force — the vital breath that animates body and mind, far more than mere air in the lungs. The tradition analyzes it into five 'winds,' each with a task: the inward breath, the downward-and-outward breath, the equalizing breath at the center, the upward breath, and the breath diffused throughout the body. To understand and master prāṇa is, in yogic thought, to gain a handle on both vitality and mind, since breath and mind are held to move together.

How it traveled

  1. Chāndogya Upaniṣad
    Kuru-Pañcāla region · -700
    explains
  2. Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad
    Mithilā (kingdom of Videha) · -700
    explains
  3. Kaṭha Upaniṣad
    Kuru-Pañcāla region · -500
    explains
  4. Praśna Upaniṣad
    Kuru-Pañcāla region · -450
    explains
  5. Yoga-sūtra
    Kāśī (Varanasi) · 375
    applies
  6. Tantrasāra
    Śrīnagara (Srinagar), Kashmir · 1000
    explains
  7. Haṭhayoga-pradīpikā
    Kāśī (Varanasi) · 1450
    explains

Key passages(20)

Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad · Vedic Revelation (śruti)

Very high

Chāndogya Upaniṣad · Vedic Revelation (śruti)

Very high

Gheraṇḍa-saṃhitā · (attributed to Gheraṇḍa)

Very high

Haṭhayoga-pradīpikā · Svātmārāma

Very high

Praśna Upaniṣad · Vedic Revelation (śruti)

Very high

Praśna Upaniṣad · Vedic Revelation (śruti)

Very high

Yoga-sūtra · Patañjali

Very high

Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad · Vedic Revelation (śruti)

Very high

Chāndogya Upaniṣad · Vedic Revelation (śruti)

Very high

Tantrasāra · Abhinavagupta

Very high

Bhagavad-gītā · Vyāsa (Yoga-bhāṣya commentator)

Very high

Haṭhayoga-pradīpikā · Svātmārāma

Very high

Kaṭha Upaniṣad · Vedic Revelation (śruti)

Very high

Tantrasāra · Abhinavagupta

High

Vivekacūḍāmaṇi · Śaṅkara (traditionally ascribed; authorship doubted)

High

Yoga-sūtra · Patañjali

High

Aitareya Upaniṣad · Vedic Revelation (śruti)

High

Vijñāna-bhairava · Anonymous (Bhairava Āgama / Tantra)

High

Vijñāna-bhairava · Anonymous (Bhairava Āgama / Tantra)

High

Kaṭha Upaniṣad · Vedic Revelation (śruti)

High