greek-ethicsfeatured in 30 works
Courage
Standing firm against fear and danger — but rightly, neither rashly nor like a coward.
Courage (andreia, literally 'manliness') is the virtue of facing fear, pain, and danger as one should — above all the fear of death in battle. Homeric epic prized it as warrior valor, but Plato (in the Laches) and especially Aristotle refined the idea: in the Nicomachean Ethics (4th century BCE), courage becomes the mean between cowardice and recklessness, exercised for the sake of what is noble. It remained one of the four cardinal virtues throughout Greek, Roman, and later Western ethics.
How it traveled
- IliadIos · -700explains
- OdysseyIos · -700explains
- HistoriesThurii (Magna Graecia) · -425explains
- History of the Peloponnesian WarAthens · -400explains
- LachesAthens · -399explains
- MenexenusAthens · -386explains
- ProtagorasAthens · -385explains
- SymposiumAthens · -385explains
- Funeral OrationAthens · -380explains
- PanegyricusAthens · -380explains
- PhaedoAthens · -380explains
- RepublicAthens · -375explains
- EvagorasAthens · -370explains
- ArchidamusAthens · -366explains
- StatesmanAthens · -358explains
- CyropaediaAthens · -354explains
- HellenicaAthens · -354explains
- MemorabiliaAthens · -354explains
- AnabasisAthens · -354explains
- Constitution of the LacedaimoniansAthens · -354explains
- AgesilausAthens · -354explains
- SymposiumAthens · -354explains
- LawsAthens · -348explains
- Alcibiades 1Athens · -348explains
- PanathenaicusAthens · -339explains
- The Funeral SpeechAthens · -338explains
- RhetoricChalcis · -335explains
- Against CtesiphonAthens · -330explains
- On the CrownAthens · -330explains
- Nicomachean EthicsChalcis · -322explains
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