Northern Franceצרפת

Northern France — exact town unrecorded

Northern France, the regions of Champagne and the Île-de-France around Paris, was the heartland of the medieval French monarchy, and its cathedral schools gave rise around 1150 to the University of Paris, a leading centre of Latin Christian learning. From the eleventh through the thirteenth centuries it was also the heartland of the Tosafist school of Talmudic study, beginning with Rashi of Troyes and his descendants; the Torah commentator Chizkiyah ben Manoach (the Chizkuni) worked in this milieu. The region's Jews endured the burning of the Talmud in Paris in 1242 and royal expulsions culminating in 1394. In 1804 Pope Pius VII attended Napoleon's coronation at Notre-Dame de Paris. This entry represents the region broadly; no single town is specified.

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