Orléansאורליאנס

France — Loire valley

Orléans is a city on the Loire in north-central France. A Gallic town destroyed by Julius Caesar in 52 BCE, it was later a Merovingian royal capital, and in 1429 Joan of Arc lifted the English siege of the city. Its university, founded in 1306 and known especially for law, drew John Calvin in 1528 and Theodore Beza, who studied law there from 1535 to 1539, and the city later sheltered many Protestants. Orléans also had a medieval Jewish community and was home to the twelfth-century Tosafist Joseph Bekhor Shor, a pupil of Rabbeinu Tam whose Torah commentary kept closely to the plain sense of the text.

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