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Wellsprings
greek-epistemologyfeatured in 30 works

Definition

Pinning down exactly what something is by naming its kind and what sets it apart from everything else of that kind.

A definition (horismos) answers the question 'what is it?' by capturing a thing's essence. Socrates pressed for such accounts — 'what is justice?' — and Plato dramatized the hunt for them, but it was Aristotle in the 4th century BCE who turned definition into a method: state the essence through genus and differentia, naming the broader class (say, 'animal') and the distinguishing mark (say, 'rational'). For two thousand years this became the backbone of logic, science, and law, shaping how every later tradition framed and classified its ideas.

How it traveled

  1. Charmides
    Athens · -399
    explains
  2. Laches
    Athens · -399
    explains
  3. Euthyphro
    Athens · -395
    explains
  4. Ion
    Athens · -394
    explains
  5. Meno
    Athens · -385
    explains
  6. Protagoras
    Athens · -385
    explains
  7. Euthydemus
    Athens · -384
    explains
  8. Cratylus
    Athens · -375
    explains
  9. Republic
    Athens · -375
    explains
  10. Phaedrus
    Athens · -370
    explains
  11. Parmenides
    Athens · -370
    explains
  12. Theaetetus
    Athens · -369
    explains
  13. Sophist
    Athens · -360
    explains
  14. Statesman
    Athens · -358
    explains
  15. Philebus
    Athens · -355
    explains
  16. Memorabilia
    Athens · -354
    explains
  17. Greater Hippias
    Athens · -348
    explains
  18. Laws
    Athens · -348
    explains
  19. Gorgias
    Athens · -348
    explains
  20. Alcibiades 1
    Athens · -348
    explains
  21. Hipparchus
    Athens · -348
    explains
  22. Letters
    Athens · -348
    explains
  23. Lovers
    Athens · -348
    explains
  24. Minos
    Athens · -348
    explains
  25. Categoriae
    Chalcis · -345
    explains
  26. Rhetoric
    Chalcis · -335
    explains
  27. Metaphysics
    Chalcis · -322
    explains
  28. Topica
    Chalcis · -322
    explains
  29. Nicomachean Ethics
    Chalcis · -322
    explains
  30. Eudemian Ethics
    Chalcis · -322
    explains

Key passages(20)

Guide for the Perplexed · Moses ben Maimon (Rambam) · 1190 CE

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קבוצה א. תואר מגדיר מהות2 הקבוצה הראשונה: תיאור הדבר בהגדרתו, כתיאור האדם כ"בעל חיים הוגה". וכבר ביארנו (א,נא4-3) שהתואר הזה, והוא המורה על מהות הדבר ואמיתתו (=מהותו האמיתית), הוא פירוש שם ותו לא. מין

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In Aristotelis Analyticorum Priorum Librum I Commentarium · Alexander of Aphrodisias

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In Aristotelis Analyticorum Priorum Librum I Commentarium · Alexander of Aphrodisias

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In Aristotelis Topicorum Libros Octo Commentaria · Alexander of Aphrodisias

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In Aristotelis Topicorum Libros Octo Commentaria · Alexander of Aphrodisias

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In Aristotelis Analyticorum Priorum Librum I Commentarium · Ammonius

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In Porphyrii Isagogen Sive Quinque Voces · Ammonius

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In Porphyrii Isagogen Sive Quinque Voces · Ammonius

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In Porphyrii Isagogen Sive Quinque Voces · Ammonius

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In Porphyrii Isagogen Sive Quinque Voces · Ammonius

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In Porphyrii Isagogen Sive Quinque Voces · Ammonius

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In Porphyrii Isagogen Sive Quinque Voces · Ammonius

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Anonymi In Analyticorum Posteriorum Librum Alterum Commentarium · Anonymi In Aristotelis Librum Alterum Analyticorum Posteriorum

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Anonymi In Analyticorum Posteriorum Librum Alterum Commentarium · Anonymi In Aristotelis Librum Alterum Analyticorum Posteriorum

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Anonymi In Analyticorum Posteriorum Librum Alterum Commentarium · Anonymi In Aristotelis Librum Alterum Analyticorum Posteriorum

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Anonymi In Analyticorum Posteriorum Librum Alterum Commentarium · Anonymi In Aristotelis Librum Alterum Analyticorum Posteriorum

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Anonymi In Analyticorum Posteriorum Librum Alterum Commentarium · Anonymi In Aristotelis Librum Alterum Analyticorum Posteriorum

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Anonymi In Analyticorum Posteriorum Librum Alterum Commentarium · Anonymi In Aristotelis Librum Alterum Analyticorum Posteriorum

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Anonymi In Analyticorum Posteriorum Librum Alterum Commentarium · Anonymi In Aristotelis Librum Alterum Analyticorum Posteriorum

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Anonymi In Analyticorum Posteriorum Librum Alterum Commentarium · Anonymi In Aristotelis Librum Alterum Analyticorum Posteriorum

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