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Columella, Lucius Junius Moderatus

Columella, Lucius Junius Moderatus

c. 4 CE–c. 70 CE · Rome

Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella was a Roman writer on agriculture of the 1st century CE, originally from southern Spain. He is the author of 'On Agriculture' (the 'De re rustica'), the most detailed and systematic farming manual to survive from antiquity, covering crops, livestock, vines, orchards, and estate management, with one book on gardening written in verse. His work is a major source for Roman rural life and practice.

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About Rome

Rome, on the Tiber in central Italy, grew from an Iron Age settlement into the capital of the Roman Republic and then of an empire that by the 1st century CE ruled the whole Mediterranean. Its Jewish community, attested from the 2nd century BCE, is among the oldest in Europe. Christian tradition holds that the apostles Peter and Paul died there, and the city became the seat of the popes. After the Western Empire ended in 476 it passed to Gothic kings, to Byzantium and then to papal rule as capital of the Papal States, until it became the capital of unified Italy in 1871. Vatican City, independent since 1929, lies within it.

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